INTERPHASE

⁃  Dictionary: The resting phase between successive mitotic

divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of

meiosis.

⁃  Interpretation: The phase containing G1, S phase and G2,

where the cell conducts normal cell activity, and then the cell prepares for mitosis by turning its DNA into chromosomes, and begin replicating organelles.

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: The cell spends most of its time in the interphase, before it starts to die and begins the mitosis process.

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PROPHASE

⁃  Dictionary: The first stage of cell division, before metaphase,

during which the chromosomes become visible as paired

chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears.

⁃  Interpretation: The reproduction phase where the cell starts

mitosis by disintegrating the nuclear envelope, and the

chromosomes start to become visible

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: The prophase is distinguishable by the

visibility of the chromosomes.

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METAPHASE

⁃  Dictionary: The second stage of cell division, between prophase

and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to

the spindle fibres

⁃  Interpretation: The phase where the chromosomes are all alined

in the centre of the cell, and the spindle fibres attach itself to the

centre of each chromatid

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: The centrioles, spindle fibres and

chromosomes are in full operation during the metaphase.

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ANAPHASE

⁃  Dictionary: The third stage of cell division, between metaphase

and telophase, during which the chromosomes moves away from

one another to opposite poles of the spindle

⁃  Interpretation: The phase where each spindle fibre pulls each

chromatid away from its sister, towards opposite sides of the cell,

and new organelles start to form again.

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: There are an equal number of chromatids

on each opposite side of the cell after the anaphase is complete.

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TELOPHASE

⁃ Dictionary: The final phase of cell division, between anaphase

and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed

⁃  Interpretation: The phase where two new nucleases are formed with the chromatids on each side, and the cell begins to form a cleavage.

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: The cell’s mitosis process is complete after the telophase.

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CYTOKENISIS

⁃  Dictionary: The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of

mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter

cells.

⁃  Interpretation: When the two cells complete the telophase and

finally separate, into two new identical cells.

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: At the end of the cytogenesis process,

there are two identical cells formed from one.

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CHROMOSOMES

⁃  Dictionary: A thread-like structure of nuclei acids and protein

found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic

information in for of the genes

⁃  Interpretation: A structure made by two identical chromatids

from the Mom and the Dad, which correspond to certain trait. (Essentially a compressed DNA that holds specific information about a trait)

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: The chromosome is made at the start of the cell’s reproduction cycle, in order to prepare the DNA for mitosis.

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CHROMATID

⁃  Dictionary: Each of the two thread-like strands into which a

chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division.

⁃  Interpretation: The two individual strands that make up a

chromosome.

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: Two identical chromatids are joined together to make a chromosome.

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CENTRIOLE

⁃  Dictionary: Each of a pair of minute cylindrical organelles near the nucleus in animal cells, involved in the development of spindle fibres in cell division

⁃  Interpretation: The organelle near the nucleus that is responsible for forming spindle fibres in the process of mitosis.

⁃  Exemplary Sentence: The centriole is responsible for one of the most important steps in the mitosis process.